Responsible for Autoregulation via sensing shear stress

Glycocalyx

responsible for increased permeability in septic shock
not its fault tbh

function

copied from Deranged Physiology

Forms the interface between the vessel wall and moving blood.
Acts as the exclusion zone between blood cells and the endothelium
Acts as a barrier against leakage of fluid, proteins and lipids across the vascular wall.
Interacts dynamically with blood constituents.
Acts the "molecular sieve" for plasma proteins, forming the basis of the Starling principle and acting as the origin of the oncotic forces which control the transcapillary movement of water. → THIS is the semi-permeable membrane
Modulates adhesion of inflammatory cells and platelets to the endothelial surface.
Functions as a sensor and mechanotransducer of the fluid shear forces to which the endothelium is exposed; thus the glycocalyx mediates shear-stress-dependent nitric oxide production.
Retains protective enzymes (eg. superoxide dismutase).
Retains anticoagulation factors, eg:
- Tissue factor inhibitor
- Protein C
- Antithrombin