Respiratory compliance
| Lung compliance | Chest wall compliance |
|---|---|
| Increased lung compliance - Lung surfactant - Lung volume: compliance is at its highest at FRC - Posture (supine, upright) - Loss of lung conective tissue associated with age - Emphysema |
Increased chest wall complance - Ehler-Dahlos syndrome and other connective tissue diseases associated with increased connective tissue elasticity - Rib resection - Cachexia - Flail segment rib fractures - Open chest (eg clamshell) |
| Decreased static lung compliance - Loss of surfactant (eg. ARDS) - Decreased lung elasticity - Pulmonary fibrosis - Pulmonary oedema - Decreased functional lung volume - Pneumonectomy or lobectomy - Pneumonia - Atelectasis - Small stature - Alveolar derecruitment - Alveolar overdistension Decreased dynamic lung compliance - Increased airway resistance (eg. asthma) - Increased air flow (increased resp rate) |
Decreased chest wall compliance - Structural abnormalities - Kyphosis / scoliosis - Pectus excavatum - Circumferential burns - Surgical rib fixation - Functional abnormalities - Muscle spasm, eg. seizure or tetanus - Extrathoracic influences on chest/diaphragmatic excursion - Obesity - Abdominal compartment syndrome - Prone position |
TODO: measurement