local anaesthetics

mechanism...

comparison of local anaesthetics

these numbers are consistent with BJAed... NOT MDCALC

Anaesthetic Onset Duration of action Maximum dose
Bupivacaine Slow (approx 5 minutes) 2 to 8 hours 2mg/kg
Lidocaine Rapid (<2 minutes) 30 minutes to 2 hours 3mg/kg
Lidocaine with adrenaline Rapid (<2 minutes) 30 minutes to 3 hours 7mg/kg
Prilocaine Rapid (<2 minutes) 30 minutes to 3 hours 6mg/kg
Prilocaine with adrenaline Rapid (<2 minutes) 30 minutes to 3 hours 8mg/kg

other preparations

  • EMLA - 2.5% lidocaine + 2.5% prilocaine
  • "Marcain"/heavy - 5% bupivacaine in glucose