clozapine

Uses: treatment resistant schizophrenia - specialist only
Mechanism of action
Dose
Pharmacokinetics Absorption PO
Distribution
Metabolism CYP1A2, CYP3A4, with weakly active metabolites
Elimination 50% urine
Time course of action
Adverse effects Anticholinergic effects - Orthostatic hypotension, seizures, tachycardias
Contraindications Constipation - can cause fatal ileus

important side effects

  • myocarditis
    • ~3% of patients, often within about two weeks of initiation
    • 37014337; 37589159
  • agranulocytosis, thrombocytopenia

practicalities

monitoring

  • each brand in the UK has their own monitoring service
  • monitoring of levels recommended with:

stopping and starting

dose needs to be titrated
if stopped >48h, need to re-titrate