Vascular dementia
| 2nd most common | |
|---|---|
| Etiology | |
| Epidemiology | M>F. Risk factors: hypertension, vascular risk factors |
| Clinical presentation | - Cognitive ↓ after infarct - Functional ↓ before memory ↓ - Mood disturbance/disorder; psychosis, hallucinations, delusions, emotional lability Stepwise with discrete infarcts, or insidious - depends on root cause |
| Pathogenesis | - Small infarcts - Small vessel disease ⇒ hypertension, ↑chol can cause white matter damage - Stroke, inflammation e.g. MS, HIV Affecting white matter in cerebral hemispheres, grey nuclei, thalamus, striatum |
| Diagnostic investigations | |
| Management | Complications: |
| Prevention |