pulmonary oedema

Headline
Etiology Cardiogenic vs non-cardiogenic: the causes are numerous.
Clinical presentation SOB, hypoxia
Pathogenesis Cardiogenic: ↑ LV preload or afterload
↑ pulmona r
Diagnostic investigations CXR: pulmonary vessel diversion, Kerley B lines, thickening of fissures
Distinguishing cardiogenic causes - echo, BNP
Management Cardiogenic: Diuresis
CPAP
see Lung protective ventilation

a list of etiologies

Cardiogenic

  • excessive LV afterload
    • aortic stenosis
    • LVOTO/HOCM
  • excessive LA afterload
  • excessive LV preload
    • fluid overload
  • poor contractility
    • cardiogenic shock
    • cardiomyopathy

non-cardiogenic

Cardiogenic

Non-cardiogenic