Haemoptysis
| Kills by asphyxiation rather than exsanguination | |
|---|---|
| Etiology | Chronic inflammatory and malignancy most common See surgical sieve b |
| Epidemiology | |
| Pathogenesis | bronchial circulation 95%, pulmonary circul |
| Diagnostic investigations | - CXR identifies bleeding point in 43% of cases (Revel et al 2002) - Gold standard = CT angio with contrast - Coagulat |
| Management A-E priorities: - protect airway ?dual lumen tube etc. - control breathing; bleeding lung down; PEEP may tamponade - stabilise haemodynamics - reverse coagulopathy - control bleeding at source: bronchoscopy/embolisation - control bleeding from cause: abx, immunosuppression, etc. Known bleeding point: Conservative measures include neb TXA, neb adrenaline - oint: |
sources/links
https://litfl.com/haemoptysis/
https://derangedphysiology.com/main/required-reading/respiratory-intensive-care/Chapter-10/causes-and-management-massive-haemoptysis
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0012369219313868