Osteoarthritis
| Headline | |
|---|---|
| Etiology | Degenerative ∆ articular cartilage → reactive ∆ subchondral bone/synovium. |
| Epidemiology | |
| Clinical presentation | Hand signs: Heberden’s nodes (DIP), Bouchard’s nodes (PIP) (= small bony nodules) Distribution: weight bearing joints and small joints (isn't that everything?) |
| Pathogenesis | |
| Diagnostic investigations | Joint XR: ↓ joint space, periarticular sclerosis, osteophytes, subchondral cysts, subchondral sclerosis, peri-articular osteopenia (↓ bone mineral density, likely due to underuse) |
| Management |