molar pregnancy

Headline
Etiology 1 sperm fertilise empty ovum or 2 sperm fertilise same ovum. RF: extremes of maternal age, previous hx, ethnicity (Asian). Malignant potential = gestational trophoblastic neoplasm.
Epidemiology
Clinical presentation Hyperemesis gravidarum, PV bleed, uterus large for dates
Pathogenesis
Diagnostic investigations b-HCG: ↑↑
TVUS: "snowstorm" appearance
Management Complications: choriocarcinoma.

ERPC
- Serial b-HCGs
- Gestational trophoblastic neoplasm: methotrexate. Mets: lung, bladder/bowel, brain
Prevention