Trigeminal neuralgia

Headline
Etiology dental causes, compression e.g. aneurysm, posterior fossa/extracranial tumours, cavernous sinus masses, dermoid/epidermoid/arachnoid cyst
Epidemiology
Clinical presentation episodic pain in trigeminal distribution (cheek/lower jaw) – “electric shock”, triggered by light/eating/talking/cold air
may have autonomic symptoms
Ddx:
Pathogenesis
Diagnostic investigations
Management Complications:
- Carbamazepine 100mg BD is 1st line → titrate. Breakthrough pain: modified release preparations
• Counsel re SJS, N&V, ataxia, sedation, dizziness, ↓ Na
- Intranasal lidocaine or topical lidocaine to trigger points e.g. gums can be considered!

red flags

hearing/ear changes, skin/oral lesions (?perineural spread), bilat pain, optic neuritis, ~FHx MS, onset age <40
See CKS