hydrocephalus

Headline
Etiology communicating (aqueduct stenosis, post fossa/other tumours) or non-communicating (meningitis, SAH, IVH)
Epidemiology
Clinical presentation macrocephaly, bulging fontanelle, ‘sunsetting’, spasticity, developmental delay
Pathogenesis
Diagnostic investigations CT/MRI: enlarged ventricles, congenital abnormalities e.g. Arnold-Chiari
Management Neurosurgical referral for VP shunt placement

Shunt placement with acute ∆ behaviour, new headache, persistent fever: think blockage, infection or subdural haematoma