Horner's syndrome
etiology
disruption of cervical sympathetic chain
classify or die...
- central
- hemisphere lesions - bleed or clot
- brainstem lesions - Wallenburg syndrome (lateral medullary syndrome); demyelination
- neck lesions - syringomyelia, central cord syndrome, arteriovenous malformation
- preganglionic
- lesion at cervico-thoracic spinal roots e.g. cervical ribs, aortic aneurysms
- apical lung disease including iatrogenic...
- cervical sympathetic chain lesion - local trauma; thyroid tumours
- postganglionic
you might also cause this deliberately in patients with hyperhidrosis!
clinical presentation
ipsilateral miosis (constricted pupil)
ipsilateral ptosis
anhidrosis
source: LITFL
Horner's syndrome vs physiological anisocoria?
dilation lag