Cluster headache

Trigeminal autonomic cephalalgia
Etiology Night-time headache, into up to eight attacks per day each lasting between 15 and 180min
Epidemiology M>F. May have FHx. Smoking, head injury, alcohol.
Clinical presentation Retro-orbital pain
Associated symptoms, often unilateral, include conjunctival injection, lacrimation, nasal congestion, rhinorrhoea, forehead, and facial sweating, miosis, ptosis
Pathogenesis
Diagnostic investigations Brain imaging to exclude 2o causes?
Management - High flow O2 (12L/min via reservoir mask) for 15min sometimes provides relief - preferred in pregnant patients
- SC sumatriptan (may also be IN)
- prevention with verapamil - on specialist advice only