HIV opportunistic infections
The best prevention is good adherence to ART!
| Pathogen | Criteria for prophylaxis |
|---|---|
| pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia | prophylaxis if CD4<200: co-trimoxazole, dapsone or atovaquone |
| Toxoplasmosis | IgG testing for latent infection prophylaxis if CD4<100: co-trimoxazole, dapsone |
| Tuberculosis | Testing for latent infection |
| Mycobacterium | prophylaxis if CD4<50: azithromycin, clarithromycin |
| CMV | Aim to maintain CD4 >100 |
| Cryptococcal meningitis | prophylaxis if CD4 <100 with positive screening cryptococcal antigen if screening not available, then prophylaxis if CD4 <100: fluconazole |
| Candida | No routine prophylaxis recommended |
| Coccidiodomycosis | - avoid exposure to disturbed native soil (e.g., at building excavation sites) and to remain inside during dust storms - serological testing - screening if asymptomatic, living in endemic areas and CD4<250 |