bacterial gastroenteritis
Of course, gastroenteritis IS PROBABLY VIRAL STOP ASKING FOR ABX
| Organism | Toxin | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Vibrio cholerae | Cholera toxin | Causes activation of adenylate cyclase (via Gs) leading to increases in cAMP levels, which in turn leads to increased chloride secretion and reduced sodium absorption |
| Shigella dysenteriae | Shiga toxin | Inactivates 60S ribosome → epithelial cell death |
| Escherichia coli | 1. Heat labile toxin 2. Heat stabile toxin |
1. Activates adenylate cyclase (via Gs), increasing cAMP → watery diarrhoea 2. Activates guanylate cyclase, increasing cGMP → watery diarrhoea |
| Staphylococcus aureus | Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin | Vomiting and diarrhoeal illness lasting < 24 hours |
| Bacillus cereus | Cereulide | Potent cytotoxin that destroys mitochondria. Causes a vomiting illness which may present within 4 hours of ingestion * implicated in a voluntary recall of SMA formula in 2025... |