vertebral movement
flexion
extension
erector spinae (collective term for a bunch of deep back muscles) - innervation: posterior rami of spinal nerves in the neighbourhood
rotation
a word about the deep back muscles
covered by thoracolumbar fascia
extent:
- superiorly, it passes anteriorly to the serratus posterior superior muscle and is continuous with the superficial lamina of the investing layer of cervical fascia in the neck;
- in the thoracic region, it covers the deep muscles and separates them from the muscles in the superficial and intermediate groups;
- medially, it attaches to the spinous processes of the thoracic vertebrae and, laterally, to the angles of the ribs