unhappy triad

anterior cruciate ligament
medial collateral ligament
meniscus (classically the medial meniscus but recent evidence shows that the lateral meniscus is more commonly injured)

specific injuries

	Anterior cruciate ligament rupture
Mechanism
Clinical presentation
Associated injuries
Management
F/up and discharge advice

	Patellar dislocation
Mechanism	valgus stress + flexion + ext rotation, or direct trauma Most common = lateral dislocation; superior is less comon
Clinical presentation	- A popping sound/sensation - Significant knee pain/tenderness - Inability to straighten the knee affected - Swelling of the knee - Inability to walk/bear weight
Associated injuries	Patellar tendon
Management	Extend knee Guide patella back into anatomical position
F/up and discharge advice	Splint? Crutches