difficult airway algorithm

plan A

  • Tracheal intubation

maximise chance of success by:

  • Optimise head and neck position
  • Preoxygenate
  • Adequate neuromuscular blockade
  • Direct / Video Laryngoscopy (maximum 3+1 attempts)
  • External laryngeal manipulation
  • Bougie
  • Remove cricoid pressure
  • Maintain oxygenation and anaesthesia

If fail, move to

plan B

  • Supraglottic airway device
  • IF SUCCEED, consider:
  1. Wake the patient up
  2. Intubate trachea via the SAD
  3. Proceed without intubating the trachea
  4. Tracheostomy or cricothyroidotomy

If fail, move to

plan C

  • Face mask ventilation - 2 person technique
  • Paralyse
  • IF SUCCEED: wake patient up

plan D

limitations of the algorithm

  • predicated on perioperative setting, i.e. theatre patients you can reverse and wake up. This is obviously less applicable in critically unwell ICU/ED patients.